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Featuring:
Jeremy F. Hultin [YouTube Channel]

Featuring: Israel Institute of Biblical Studies [YouTube Channel]

Introduction to Hebrew Adjectives: Gender and Number

Featuring: Jeremy F. Hultin [YouTube Channel]

Number Agreement

Adjectives also agree with the nouns they modify in number. This means that the adjective must match the number of the noun it describes.

For example, the adjective “גדול” (gedol) means “big” and is singular, so it must be used with a singular noun. Similarly, the adjective “גדולים” (gedolim) means “big” and is plural, so it must be used with a plural noun.

It is important to note that some adjectives have different forms for singular and plural, while others do not change in plural form, and can be used with both singular and plural nouns.

Hebrew Adjective-Noun Number Agreement:
Identify the number agreement in the following sentences:

a. “הכלב הגדול”
b. “הכלבים הגדולים”
c. “הכלב החם”

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Teacher Mike [YouTube Channel]

Definiteness Agreement

In Hebrew, adjectives also agree with the definiteness of the nouns they modify. This means that the adjective must match the state of the noun it describes whether it is definite or indefinite. For example, the adjective “זה” (zeh) means “this” and is definite, so it must be used with a definite noun. Similarly, the adjective “אחד” (achad) means “one” and is indefinite, so it must be used with an indefinite noun. It is important to note that some adjectives are used only with definite nouns, while others are used only with indefinite nouns.

Hebrew Adjective-Noun Definiteness Agreement:

Identify the definiteness agreement in the following sentences:

a. “הכלב הזה”
b. “הכלבים האלה”
c. “אחד כלב”

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Adjectives and Hebrew Word Order

Another important aspect to consider when using adjectives in Hebrew is the word order. In Hebrew, the adjective typically comes after the noun it modifies. For example, in the sentence “כלב גדול” (kelev gedol), the adjective “gedol” (big) comes after the noun “kelev” (dog).

However, there are exceptions to this rule, and in some cases, the adjective can come before the noun. For example, in the sentence “כחול הכלב” (kachol hakelev), the adjective “kachol” (blue) comes before the noun “kelev” (dog). In this case, the word order is determined by the context and emphasis of the sentence.

Additionally, it’s also worth noting that Hebrew has a unique feature in which certain adjectives can act as nouns. This is called a “noun adjective” or “construct state” and it’s formed by combining a noun with a following adjective.

The construct state noun is formed by combining the noun and the adjective, and it is always written in singular masculine form.

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Conclusion

In conclusion, Hebrew adjectives play a vital role in describing nouns and conveying meaning in sentences. Understanding the rules for adjective agreement, word order, and construct state nouns is essential to using adjectives correctly in Hebrew. With practice and review, you will become more confident in your ability to use adjectives correctly in Hebrew. Remember that grammar is an important aspect of language learning, but it’s not the only aspect, immersing yourself in the language, reading, listening and speaking will also help you to master Hebrew.

Book Recommendations:

These books provide a comprehensive and in-depth look at Hebrew grammar and are suitable for both beginner and advanced learners of the language.

“Modern Hebrew: An Essential Grammar” by Lewis Glinert
This book provides a comprehensive and user-friendly guide to modern Hebrew grammar, including nouns, verbs, sentence structure, and more. It is perfect for both beginner and advanced learners of Hebrew.
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“A Reference Grammar of Modern Hebrew” by Edna Amir Coffin and Shmuel Bolozky
This book offers a detailed and in-depth look at the grammar of modern Hebrew, including information on nouns, verbs, sentence structure, and more. It is ideal for advanced students and scholars of Hebrew.
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“Hebrew: A Language Course” by Ora Brand
This three-volume course is the ideal Hebrew program for English-speaking high school college and adult education students. The only entry requirement is the ability to recognize Hebrew letters and to read basic words.
More details…

Remember that practice is key to mastering Hebrew grammar, and these books are great resources to help you practice and improve your understanding of the language.